Yudansha Kobujitsu Karate-doh FederationLogo


Supplementary training (Hojo Undo)


JUMBI UNDO (PRELIMINARY EXERCISES)

Junbi Undo (preliminary exercises) is the warm up exercises of Goju-Ryu Karate-Do. It consists of a systematic full body series of exercises designed to warm up, strengthen, stretch, condition, co-ordinate and prepare the Karate practitioner's body and mind for the challenges of traditional Karate training.

The Junbi Undo exercises were compiled and developed by Master Chojun Miyagi after years of research and consultation with physicians and other Martial Arts' Sensei. Contained within these exercises are a variety of Karate Kihon (basics) which include stances, strikes, punches, blocks, and kicks. Junbi Undo exercises also develop Qigong, pronounced "Chi Kung" (practice of internal and external universal energy) and Kokyu-Ho (inhale/exhale breathing method).

 
Preliminary Exercises Before Starting Karate Training

The preliminary exercises which we do today were systematically developed by Miyagi Chojun Sensei. These preliminary exercises serve not only to limber up the muscles but also serve as a basis for perfectÌng the student's karate techniques. Moreover, these exercises were developed with a great deal of consideration for the needs of the human body. Doing strenuous karate training without the preliminary exercises could cause damage to the muscles. The student will also lack speed and flexibility of movement.

It is important to start with light exercises to warm up the muscles, to limber up all the joints of the body, and to get the blood circulating. After these preliminary exercises, your body is prepared to start hard training. These simple exercises help to improve one's karate techniques and also to arouse one's enthusiasm. These exercises are meant to serve as a lifelong form of mental as well as physical training.

The preliminary exercises begin with a stretching of the joints of the toes, then continue with stretching exercises for the ankles, exercises for the achilles tendon, moving up through the legs, the torso, and upper limbs, finishing up with exercises for the neck.

The latter exercises are to build up physical strength and stamina. Students who find themselves lacking in physical strength and/or stamina should do these exercises repeatedly to help them develop their muscles, physical strength, stamina, and also to help them strengthen their joints. Students should make sure to exhale and inhale correctly while doing each exercise. Doing the exercises with correct breathing helps to improve the blood circulation and strengthens the internal organs, as well as aiding muscles development. Thus, for these reasons, doing the preliminary exercises before starting the formal karate training is important.

 
HOJO UNDO (SUPPLEMENTARY EXERCISE)
 
 

Hojo Undo translates as "supplementary exercises".

It is the study and practice of the ancient Kigu (equipment) used in Okinawan Goju-Ryu Karate-Do. Most of the Hojo Undo equipment, with the exception of the Okinawan Makiwara and the Kongo Ken, were brought to Okinawa by Master Kanyro Higaonna upon his return from Foochow, China. Hojo Undo strengthens and toughens the body, develops Qigong (practice of internal and external universal energy) and Kokyu-Ho (inhale/exhale breathing method).

There is a special adult class dedicated to the study of the ancient implements of Hojo Undo. Sensei trains and teaches the following implements: Makiwara (striking post), Chiishi (stone lever weight), Nigiri Game (gripping jars), Ishi Sashi (stone padlocks), Tan (Chinese barbell), Tetsuarei (dumbbells), Kongo Ken (oval metal weight), Sashi Ishi (heavy stone), Tou (bamboo bundle), Tetsuwa (iron rings) and Makiagi Kigu (wrist roller).

 
 
CHISHI

The Chishi is also known as Chikaraishi (power stone). It's a weight training equipment consisting of a wooden handle which is fitted in a concrete weight. Many of the exercises with the Chishi develops strength in the grip and wrist , something which if necessary for the ability to execute many of throwing and locking techniques which exist within the katas. Chishi develops even the focus in the punch and to increase the strength in the blocking techniques. Many of the movements are made in shiko dachi with focus in the tanden. Chishi helps you to get better balance ,stance and taisabaki.

ISHI SASHI

The Ishisashi was originally used as "stone padlock" for buildings. Often used as an extra load in punching and blocking training. The open handle on the Ishisashi makes it possible to put ones feet into it which also enables one to train the feet and ankle with kicking exercises. Develops and strengthens the muscles of the forearm , upper arms and wrist.

 
TOU

The Tou is a bundle of bamboo sticks taped together at the ends and is used for nukite practice and conditioning.

TAN

The Tan is originally from the wheels of a trolley and strongly resembles a barbell. It has a weight bar of wood and either stone or iron weights on the ends. The Tan can be used in several different exercises and conditions the arms for blocking and develops the muscles which is used in the performance of the kata Sanchin.

NIGIRI GAME

The Nigirigame "gripping jar" is a jar of clay with mouth specially designed to train the strength of finger gripping. Okinawan karate relies heavily on gripping, grabbing and tearing techniques and another device that is wonderful in these aspects is the gripping jar. A good exercise is to step in Sanchin dachi , root yourself then lift the Nigirigame in front of you , until it is horizontal to the ground, hold it out there. Jars are filled with sand or water.

In Okinawa they have many types of jars. Each jar can have a different shape. In Sanchin kata we do a technique called double nukite (spearhand strike). When you do this technique you can visualise your arms around a kami (jar).

KAMI

In Okinawa they have many types of jars. Each jar can have a different shape. In Sanchin kata we do a technique called double nukite (spearhand strike). When you do this technique you can visualise your arms around a kami (jar) like what is demonstrated in the picture.

MAKIWARA

The Makiwara is a essential training device for the karateka. The makiwara is basically a board about 4 feet long , padded at one end and anchored at the other. The makiwara can be an invaluable teacher. From it the karateka can learn proper punching, technique, stance , weight transfer and hip rotation. It sounds clinche, but with the right practice it turns one's fist into a true weapon.

The very first thing to remember when working with a makiwara is that it will always win. If you punch it too hard, too soon, you will damage a knuckle...and it will still be there waiting for you the next time! (This is particularly a problem with young male students, finally given an opportunity to hit something.) The student of the makiwara should initially just push the pad with their punch, taking care to get all the little things right, for example:

  • First two knuckles on the pad
  • Strong wrist
  • Arm extended but elbow not locked
  • Shoulders down
  • Head up
  • Rear well chambered
  • Hip rotation into the punch
  • Strong stance
  • Muscles not used in the techniques very relaxed
  • Mind focusing on refining the technique, not the job just left or soon to be started

With practice the pad can be struck harder, but always keep your priorities straight. If you let your enthusiasm carry you away, you'll be hurting...and the maki will still be waiting.

What's important is not how hard it's hitten but how many times. Repetition is a hallmark of good training with a makiwara.

KONGOKEN

The Kongoken : Chojun Miyagi Sensei made this. training equipment after having observed wrestlers on Hawaii who were with a heavy round iron ring. Miyagis man -sized oval version are very good for developing a strong upper body and to strength the grip and arms muscles and of course the body conditioning. The Kongoken can be used alone or together with another student in different exercises.

 
MAKIAGE KIGU
 

The Makiage Kigu is is a wrist roller, a wooden handle with a weight hung in the center on the rope. You twist the handle and wrap the rope onto it , raising and lowering the 'weight , and strengthening the wrist and grip.